The Camino Real de Tierra Adentro includes five sites already inscribed on the World Heritage List and 55 other sites distributed along 1,400 of the 2,600 km of this long route that starts in northern Mexico and reaches Texas and New Mexico in the United States. Used between the 16th and 19th centuries, this road was used to transport silver extracted from the mines of Zacatecas, Guanajuato and San Luis Potosí, as well as mercury imported from Europe. Although its origin and use are linked to mining, the Camino Real de Tierra Adentro also fostered the establishment of social, cultural and religious links between Hispanic and Amerindian cultures.

In colonial times, Aguascalientes was an important town along the Camino Real de Tierra Adentro (Royal Inland Road), while during the Mexican Revolution it was the headquarters of the Revolutionary Convention. Known for its abundance hot springs, this city is characterized by its colonial architecture and popular festivals with deep historical roots.

La hacienda Pabellón de Hidalgo, like most haciendas in Aguascalientes, owes its existence to the investment of miners from Zacatecas. The properties of Garabato and San Isidro, acquired by the Zacatecan miner José de la Peña Durán in 1681, would eventually give rise to the hacienda of Pabellón de Hidalgo.

On October 22, 1575, the town of Villa de Nuestra Señora de la Asunción de las Aguas Calientes was officially founded as a presidio, now known as Aguascalientes, the capital of the state of the same name. Its name derived from the abundant thermal springs in the surrounding area.

The origins of the hacienda of San José de Cieneguilla, in the state of Aguascalientes, date back to 1616 when the marriage of Vicente de Zaldívar y Mendoza and Ana Bañuelos acquired the lands, subsequently donating the property to the Jesuit Company of Zacatecas to support the San Luis college located there. The donation included lands and their buildings, mules, donkeys, horses, mares, carts, tools, farming implements, corn plantations, fruit seeds, blacksmithing work, and indigenous labor services.

The hacienda of Peñuelas was founded in 1612, making it one of the oldest in Aguascalientes. Originally established under the name San Isidro Labrador, this name fell out of use because people began referencing the rocky landscape of the area, leading to the appellation that has persisted to this day.

The history of Aguascalientes since prehistoric times up to Independence, in a magnificent Porfiriato-period (late nineteenth century) building, houses a collection covering archeology, the Christian religion, the Chichimeca War, the inland Camino Real with its silver ingots, the distant prison and the founding of the city.