Tres Cerritos
Archeological site
Tres Cerritos
A 1,600-year-old Purépecha site which was used as a sacred burial ground for centuries after it had been abandoned. This is demonstrated by the remains of 120 chiefs, servants and sacrificial victims, its rich offerings, the ruins of its buildings and the stones of the neighboring Santa María Magdalena monastery in Cuitzeo.
Tres Cerritos is one of the few settlements in the basin of Cuitzeo to have been excavated systematically. It was opened to the public after more than ten years’ work, which began in 1984 under the guidance of the archeologist Angelina Macías. Data obtained at this site has contributed significantly to our understanding of various periods in the region.
It is a sober site characterized by low platforms constructed with earth and stone cores. The walls have no decorative elements, although we can see adjacent petroglyphs in some cases. During exploration of Mound 3, some walls were found which were similar to the talud-tablero (slope-and-wall) style of Teotihuacan. However, this was an isolated example.
Funerary architecture is one of Tres Cerritos’ main attributes, as can be seen in the tombs located on Mounds 2 and 3. Their layout (a central hallway and four chambers placed on the points of the compass) allow us a glimpse of the inhabitants’ cosmogonic notions. Moreover, the offerings that accompanied these burials tell us how elaborate their beliefs concerning death were.
At least two significant periods of occupation have been established for this settlement. The first is associated with the local development of Cuitzeo, when the site operated as an important ceremonial center, although Tres Cerritos was one of several ceremonial centers existing in the basin. Ceramic and architectural elements which are very similar to those from Teotihuacan can be seen in this first stage. Rather than indicating submission to this city, they appear to reveal that their adoption was a symbol of the local elite’s status.
The second stage of occupation is related to the arrival of groups linked to the Tarascan empire, who used part of the zone to bury their dead. This is apparent from the discovery of various bodies located on the walls and within collapsed structures, from which we infer that Tres Cerritos had already been abandoned for many years.
- Dirección del Centro INAHMarco Antonio Rodriguez Espinosamarcoa_rodriguez@inah.gob.mx+52 (443) 313 2650
Montículo 1
It is the largest building in the site, it is located in the northwest sector of the area and its construction used rough stone joined with mud mortar.
Montículo 1
It is the largest building in the site, it is located in the northwest sector of the area and its construction used rough stone joined with mud mortar. In its upper part the remains of a temple were found, while in its south façade there is a stairway with lateral alfardas that connects with a wide open space known as the East Square.
Montículo 2
It corresponds to a low elevation platform located at the east end of the Central Square. Its south and north sides show remains of previous constructions, among which it is worth mentioning the penultimate one, which had a wall with a board slope similar to the Teotihuacan ones.
Montículo 2
It corresponds to a low elevation platform located at the east end of the Central Square. Its south and north sides show remains of previous constructions, among which it is worth mentioning the penultimate one, which had a wall with a board slope similar to the Teotihuacan ones. For some researchers this does not necessarily imply a Teotihuacan presence, but the adoption of standards from this city, but maintaining a local identity. During the liberation works, inside the rubble or on some of the demolished walls, around 50 burials were detected, some of them with offerings clearly of Tarascan affiliation, which indicates that Tres Cerritos was already abandoned when the site was reoccupied.
Montículo 3
Located to the west side of the Central Square, it corresponds to a platform of two bodies of approximately 2 m of elevation and 24 m of base. At the top were located the walls of what was apparently a temple. However, agricultural activities destroyed most of this enclosure.
Montículo 3
Located to the west side of the Central Square, it corresponds to a platform of two bodies of approximately 2 m of elevation and 24 m of base. At the top were located the walls of what was apparently a temple. However, agricultural activities destroyed most of this enclosure. As in Mound 2, 28 burials with Tarascan materials were found around the building, deposited inside the fill or on the collapsed walls.
Plaza Central
It is the constructive axis of the main architectural complex of Tres Cerritos. It is a space generated from the placement of three buildings at its southern, eastern and western ends.
Plaza Central
It is the constructive axis of the main architectural complex of Tres Cerritos. It is a space generated from the placement of three buildings at its southern, eastern and western ends. In the central area there is a shrine in whose interior were discovered two infantile burials placed in stone boxes as an offering. Associated with this event, the scattered fragments of an intentionally fragmented polychrome vessel were detected.
Plaza Central Sur
The excavation work carried out by archaeologist Angelina Macias revealed that within this space there are architectural remains associated with the earliest construction stages of the site. It consists of a set of courtyards at the ends of which at least two rooms were located.
Plaza Central Sur
The excavation work carried out by archaeologist Angelina Macias revealed that within this space there are architectural remains associated with the earliest construction stages of the site. It consists of a set of courtyards at the ends of which at least two rooms were located. In this sector a clay sculpture was found that apparently comes from central Mexico.
Plaza Norte
It was erected during the first stage of occupation of Tres Cerritos. It is characterized by its constructions arranged around a patio and by the absence of a central altar.
Plaza Norte
It was erected during the first stage of occupation of Tres Cerritos. It is characterized by its constructions arranged around a patio and by the absence of a central altar. During the excavation works several burials were found, one of them stands out in which an imported vessel representing a seated personage was located.
Altar Central
This important structure is located in the heart of the Central Square. One of the most significant findings was the location of three skulls and an infant, each one of them inside a stone box, as well as a killed vessel whose fragments were scattered.
Altar Central
This important structure is located in the heart of the Central Square. One of the most significant findings was the location of three skulls and an infant, each one of them inside a stone box, as well as a killed vessel whose fragments were scattered. The offering contains elements related to water.
