This gallery begins with an overview of the initial human migration into the Americas and how early peoples spread across this vast continent.

It features the first hunter-gatherer groups who settled in present-day Mexico. During this period, people developed stone tool technologies and began observing the reproductive cycles of plants and animals—knowledge that would later lead to intensive agriculture, the foundation of ancient Mesoamerican civilizations.

The gallery showcases the Lithic Period, highlighting technological developments of early inhabitants of Mexican territory. It is divided into three sections: Archaic Lithic, Cenolithic (Lower and Upper), and Protoneolithic.