
Grupo El Palomar
Estructura
This architectural complex is integrated, in sequence, by a Sunken Patio, a base where El Palomar is located, followed by another quadrangle, and another base where the South Temple is located with a triadic pattern.
The name was given because the openwork of the crest was used for nesting pigeons. The crestería is made up of nine triangular staggered and fretworked units supported by a row of pillars. This crestería is known as “crestería of peninsular type”, of the early Puuc architectural style, dated between 670 and 770 BC.
El Palomar: Only the central wall and the half vaults of this building are preserved. The vaults have a wide entrance arch that cuts the lower cornice, and a double bay with doors to the exterior and interior, corresponding to the rooms in which it is divided.
The Governor's Palace: This grandiose building dominates all of Uxmal (and the Puuc) from the top of an enormous system of platforms. It is considered by many to be the most extraordinary example of pre-Columbian architecture in all of the Americas. Its façade is impressive due to its delicate carved stonework, compared to filigree. In different planes, lattices, Chaac masks and representations of rulers are shown. However, the most impressive thing is that the whole palace is oriented to register the apparent movement of the planet Venus and the maximum declinations of the Sun that mark the solstices.
The Great Pyramid: It is a truncated quadrangular pyramid with nine staggered bodies. The access stairway is located to the north and leads to a platform on which the temple was built. This building corresponds to the VII century; in the west side decorative elements that correspond to the year 850 were covered, nevertheless it is very probable that it has substructures that date from the Preclassic. The upper structure has been called Temple of the Macaw because this kind of bird is the main motif that decorates the facade and is combined with fretwork and latticework, framed in squares formed by intertwined snakes.
