This monumental mural visually narrates the history of the state of Morelos, highlighting regional heroes such as Emiliano Zapata and José María Morelos y Pavón. It is considered one of Diego Rivera’s most significant large-scale works. Painted between 1927 and 1930, it was commissioned by U.S. Ambassador Dwight D. Morrow.

Rivera skillfully integrated the mural into the architecture of the terrace, using arches and doorways as frames for his historical storytelling. The work is composed of vibrant color panels, each accompanied below by grisaille scenes that complement the main narrative. Rivera drew inspiration from codices such as the "Matrícula de Tributos" and the "Lienzo de Tlaxcala", from the writings of Friar Bernardino de Sahagún, and from pre-Hispanic artifacts now housed in the National Museum of Anthropology.