This section explores Mexico's rich biocultural heritage, highlighting the diversity of ethnic groups and the country's exceptional plant biodiversity. It includes a traditional offering to “the winds,” as seen in Tlayacapan, Morelos. Another key theme is the dynamic interplay of diversity and inequality in Mexico—how these factors create differing conditions under which people fall ill and receive treatment. Social challenges affecting rural and Indigenous communities—such as alcoholism, malnutrition, and poverty—are addressed.

At the end of the exhibit, a mirror with a yellow bulb bears the inscription: “Under these conditions, if you had woken up sick today, what would you have done? Who would you have turned to?” The wide range of answers to this question is explored in the next two rooms.